Phylogenetic aspects of functional and structural entity of human vertebral spine

Introduction. Many scientists have studied connection between the structure of the spinal column and its function, phylogenetic aspects of formation of its curves, etc. However, we cannot consider this issue resolved. Goal of research - is to justify connection between functionality of the spinal column and its structure, which was formed in order to support the required functionality. The structure has been evaluated in the view of mobility of structural elements. Materials and methods. The study compared mobility of individual vertebra and regions of spine. The concept of General Mobility (GM) of a region was introduced, where GM equals to the sum of all movements. GM of a region concerns all the verterbrae belonging to this area. Also, a concept of GM of individual vertebra was introduced. Results. The main functional movement of the lumbar spine is fl exion, which enables the solution of the nutrition problem (food gathering and farming). Thoracic spine possesses a unique combination of high mobility of the system as a whole and high stability of some of its elements, which is possible due to a high number of elements in the system. The function of thoracic spine is predominantly protective, whilst the shoulder girdle is mobile. Phenomenal mobility of the cervical spine permits to realize binocular visual control of almost entire space around a person, which provides him security. Interaction between cervical, thoracic and lumbar spines allows to attack and to defend in fi ghts. Conclusion. Analysis of the mobility of the individual vertebrae and regions of the spine suggests that their development depended on their functions. Life and well-being of species depend on these functions. Integration is the most important function of the spinal column. It connects regions having protective function with the regions having mainly communicative function.

позвоночник, общая подвижность позвонка, общая подвижность региона, функция, флексия, экстензия, ротация, латерофлексия, spinal column, general mobility of vertebrae, general mobility of the spine, function, flexion, extension, rotation, laterofl exion

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