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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rojournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский остеопатический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Osteopathic Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0975</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3064</issn><publisher><publisher-name>All-Russian Public Organization «Russian Osteopathic Association» (ROsA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32885/2220-0975-2025-3-109-122</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rojournal-702</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Системные эффекты воспаления и динамика цитокинового профиля при хроническом апикальном периодонтите</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The systemic effects of inflammation and the dynamics of cytokine profile in chronic apical periodontitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9627-8184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багрянцева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagryantseva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Владимировна Багрянцева, канд. мед.наук, ассистент кафедры клинической стоматологиии челюстно-лицевой хирургии №1Scopus Author ID: 57211069461</p><p>150000, Ярославль, ул. Революционная, д. 5150003, Ярославль, пр. Ленина, д. 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Bagryantseva, Cand. Sci (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Clinical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery № 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57211069461</p><p>bld. 5 ul. Revolutsionnaya, Yaroslavl, Russia 150000bld. 33 ul. Lenina, Yaroslavl, Russia 150003 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nbogryanceva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ярославский государственный медицинский университет;&#13;
ООО «Медицинский центр диагностики и профилактики  „Содружество“»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslavl State Medical University;&#13;
LLC Medical Centre for Diagnostics and Prevention «Sodrugestvo»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Багрянцева Н.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Багрянцева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bagryantseva N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rojournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/702">https://rojournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/702</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Хронический апикальный периодонтит (ХАП), поражая 11,2 % населения Земли и занимая шестое место по распространенности, представляет серьезную проблему для общественного здравоохранения. Несмотря на изученность патологии, остаются пробелы в понимании как системных эффектов воспаления, так и особенностей местной воспалительной реакции.Цель исследования — изучить влияние ХАП на содержание маркеров воспаления в крови людей без сопутствующей патологии и описать воспалительный профиль до и после удаления зуба.Материалы и методы. Проспективное исследование проводили с августа по декабрь 2024 г. на базе Ярославского ГМУ и «Медицинского центра диагностики и профилактики „Содружество“» (Ярославль). В исследование были включены 94 пациента обоего пола, разделенных на три группы: 1-я (n=35) — пациенты с ХАП; 2-я (n=33) — пациенты с бессимптомным ХАП; 3-я (n=26) — контрольная. Все пациенты проходили обследование до и после лечения. Терапия ХАП заключалась в удалении пораженного зуба, что позволило оценить изменения воспалительного профиля как локально, так и системно. В контрольной группе удаление зуба не проводили. Обследования и забор крови проводили на двух временны′ х этапах — до лечения и через 5 нед после удаления зуба. Для оценки воспалительного профиля исследовали содержание пяти провоспалительных и четырех противовоспалительных цитокинов. Анализ уровня цитокинов в плазме выполняли с помощью специальной панели НПО «ЭкоМед» (Россия) на приборе «Clima MC-15» (АО «ДИАКОН-ДС», Россия). Результаты измерений представляли в пг/мл. Статистический анализ проводили с использованием программы Statistica v.14.Результаты. В исследовании выявлено значимое влияние ХАП на маркеры воспаления в периферической крови. До лечения отмечено статистически значимое увеличение концентрации провоспалительных цитокинов IL -1β, IL -6, TNF-α и G-CSF у пациентов с симптоматическим и бессимптомным течением заболевания по сравнению с контрольной группой. Многомерный анализ позволил выделить характерные особенности цитокиновых профилей для каждой группы. У пациентов с симптоматическим ХАП установлено явное преобладание провоспалительных медиаторов, что подтверждается высокой корреляцией IL -1β и IL -6 (r=0,76), IL -1β и G-CSF (r=0,93). В группе с бессимптомным течением выявлен менее выраженный, но все же значимый воспалительный ответ, характеризующийся умеренной корреляцией IL -1β с IL -6 (r=0,59) и TNF-α с OPG (r=0,62). Контрольная группа демонстрировала сбалансированный цитокиновый профиль с низкой корреляцией провоспалительных медиаторов IL -1β и IL -6 (r=0,38), TNF-α и RANKL (r=0,26) и доминированием противовоспалительных факторов. Изменение соотношения OPG и RANKL подтвердило участие этих белков в модификации костного метаболизма при ХАП. После удаления причинного зуба зафиксированы статистически значимые изменения показателей OPG/RANKL, свидетельствующие о начале процесса костной регенерации.Заключение. Установлено влияние ХАП на системный воспалительный профиль. До удаления зуба отмечено увеличение уровня провоспалительных цитокинов IL -1β, IL -6, TNF-α и G-CSF как в симптоматической, так и в бессимптомной формах по сравнению с контрольной группой. Многомерный анализ выявил уникальные цитокиновые профили каждой группы: доминирование провоспалительных цитокинов при симптоматическом течении, умеренный воспалительный ответ — при бессимптомном и сбалансированный профиль — в контрольной группе. Изменение соотношения OPG/RANKL подтвердило модификацию костного метаболизма при ХАП и его коррекцию после лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Chronic apical periodontitis (CAP), affecting 11,2 % of the world′s population and ranking sixth in prevalence, is a serious public health problem. Despite the studied pathology, there are still gaps in understanding both the systemic effects of inflammation and the peculiarities of the local inflammatory response.The aim of the study: to study the effect on inflammatory markers of the chronic periapical process with the description of the peculiarities of the inflammatory profile.Materials and methods. The study was conducted from August to December 2024 on the basis of Yaroslavl SMU and the Medical Centre for Diagnostics and Prevention «Sodrugestvo» (Yaroslavl). The study included 94 patients of both sexes divided into three groups: the group with symptomatic CAP — 35 people; the group with asymptomatic CAP — 33 people; the control group — 26 people. The study was single-centre, prospective. Three groups of patients were examined before and after treatment. The treatment of CAP consisted of extraction of the affected tooth, which allowed the assessment of changes in the inflammatory profile both locally and systemically. The examinations were performed at two time points: before treatment (baseline) and 5 weeks after tooth extraction (after regeneration was complete). To assess the inflammatory profile, the content of 5 pro-inflammatory and 4 anti-inflammatory cytokines was examined. Blood sampling was performed twice: immediately before tooth extraction and 5 weeks after surgery. The level of cytokines in plasma was analysed using a special panel of NPO «EcoMed» (Russia) on a «Clima MC-15» device («DIACON-DS JSC», Russia). The results of measurements were presented in pg/ml. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica v.14 programme. Normality of data was assessed by the Shapiro–Wilk test. Continuous data were presented as mean M±m. Differences between groups were analysed using analysis of variances. Group profiles were constructed by cluster analysis procedures. The probability of error was at p&lt;0,05.Results. The study showed a significant effect of CAP on inflammatory markers in peripheral blood. Before treatment, there was a significant increase in the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL -1β, IL -6, TNF-α and G-CSF in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients compared to the control group. Multivariate analysis allowed us to identify characteristic features of the cytokine profiles for each group. A clear predominance of proinflammatory mediators was found in patients with symptomatic CAP, confirmed by high correlations between IL -1β and IL -6 (r=0,76), IL -1β and G-CSF (r=0,93). The asymptomatic group showed a less pronounced but still significant inflammatory response, characterized by moderate correlations of IL -1β with IL -6 (r=0,59) and TNF-α with OPG (r=0,62). The control group showed a balanced cytokine profile with low correlations between proinflammatory mediators (IL -1β and IL -6 r=0,38; TNF-α and RANKL r=0,26) and a dominance of anti-inflammatory factors. Changes in the ratio of OPG to RANKL confirmed the involvement of these proteins in the alteration of bone metabolism in CAP. After extraction of the offending tooth, statistically significant changes in OPG/RANKL parameters were observed, indicating the onset of bone regeneration processes.Conclusion. The influence of CAP on the systemic inflammatory profile has been established. An increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL -1β, IL -6, TNF-α and G-CSF in both symptomatic and asymptomatic forms was noted before tooth extraction compared to the control group. Multivariate analysis revealed unique cytokine profiles of each group: dominance of pro-inflammatory cytokines in symptomatic course, moderate inflammatory response in asymptomatic and balanced profile in control group. Changes in the OPG/RANKL ratio confirmed the modification of bone metabolism in CAP and its correction after treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>периодонтит</kwd><kwd>гранулема</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>periodontitis</kwd><kwd>granuloma</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Araujo B. Md. M., De Miranda B. M., Kowaltschuk T. C. et al. Impact of chronic diseases on the periapical health of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 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