<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rojournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский остеопатический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Osteopathic Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-0975</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3064</issn><publisher><publisher-name>All-Russian Public Organization «Russian Osteopathic Association» (ROsA)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32885/2220-0975-2022-3-131-156</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rojournal-399</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синдром грушевидной мышцы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Piriformis syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9860-777X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белаш</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belash</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Олегович Белаш - кандидат медицинских наук, Северо-Западный ГМУ т им. И.И. Мечникова, доцент кафедры остеопатии; Институт остеопатии, преподаватель; МК ООО Институт остеопатии Мохова», главный врач eLibrary SPIN: 2759-1560, Scopus Author ID: 25959884100.</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41; 191024, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Дегтярная, д. 1, лит. А; 191024, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Дегтярная, д. 1, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir O. Belash - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Mechnikov North-West SMU, Associate Professor at Osteopathy Department; Institute of Osteopathy, lecturer; Medical Clinics LLC «Mokhov Institute of Osteopathy», head physician, eLibrary SPIN: 2759-1560, Scopus Author ID: 25959884100.</p><p>Bld. 41 ul. Kirochnaya, Saint-Petersburg, 191015; bld. 1A ul. Degtyarnaya, Saint-Petersburg, 191024; bld. 1A ul. Degtyarnaya, Saint-Petersburg, 191024</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belasch82@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Петрова – обучающаяся.</p><p>191024, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Дегтярная, д. 1, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Petrova - Institute of Osteopathy (Saint-Petersburg), student.</p><p>Bld. 1A ul. Degtyarnaya, Saint-Petersburg, 191024</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова; Институт остеопатии; Медицинская клиника ООО Институт остеопатии Мохова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov North-West Medical State University; Institute of Osteopathy; Medical Clinics LLC Mokhov Institute of Osteopathy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт остеопатии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Osteopathy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>156</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белаш В.О., Петрова Е.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белаш В.О., Петрова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belash V.O., Petrova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rojournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/399">https://rojournal.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/399</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время боль в спине занимает четвертое место среди причин нетрудоспособности населения. Среди болевых синдромов чаще всего встречаются поясничная боль и боль в нижней части спины. Одним из частных проявлений данной патологии являются туннельная невропатия тазового пояса и синдром грушевидной мышцы. Цель исследования — обобщение современных представлений об этиологии и патогенезе, диагностике и лечении синдрома грушевидной мышцы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, back pain ranks fourth among the causes of disability of the population. Lumbar pain and pain in the lower back are the most common among the pain syndromes. Tunnel neuropathies of the pelvic girdle including piriformis syndrome are among the particular manifestations of this pathology. The purpose of this article was to summarize modern ideas about the etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of piriformis syndrome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром грушевидной мышцы</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>piriformis syndrome</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hurwitz E. L., Randhawa K., Yu H., Côté P., Haldeman S. The Global Spine Care Initiative: a summary of the global burden of low back and neck pain studies. Europ. Spine J. 2018; 27 (Suppl. 6): 796–801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5432-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hurwitz E. L., Randhawa K., Yu H., Côté P., Haldeman S. The Global Spine Care Initiative: a summary of the global burden of low back and neck pain studies. Europ. Spine J. 2018; 27 (Suppl. 6): 796–801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5432-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoy D., March L., Brooks P., Blyth F., Woolf A., Bain C., Williams G., Smith E., Vos T., Barendregt J., Murray C., Burstein R., Buchbinder R. The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2014; 73 (6): 968–974. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204428</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoy D., March L., Brooks P., Blyth F., Woolf A., Bain C., Williams G., Smith E., Vos T., Barendregt J., Murray C., Burstein R., Buchbinder R. The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2014; 73 (6): 968–974. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204428</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015; 386 (9995): 743–800. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015; 386 (9995): 743–800. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Казюлин А. Н. Воздействие современных хондропротекторов на различные звенья патогенеза. Эффективная фармакотерапия. Ревматология, травматология и ортопедия. 2015; 2 (21): 26–33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazyulin A. N. Impact of the Modern Cartilage Protectors on Various Pathogenetic Arms of Osteoarthrosis. Effective pharmacother. Rheumatol. Traumatol. Orthoped. 2015; 2 (21): 26–33 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersson G. B. The epidemiology of spinal disorders // In: The adult spine: principles and practice / Eds. J. W. Frymoyer et al. New York: Raven Press; 1997: 93–141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andersson G. B. The epidemiology of spinal disorders // In: The adult spine: principles and practice / Eds. J. W. Frymoyer et al. New York: Raven Press; 1997: 93–141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jordan K. P., Kadam U. T., Hayward R., Porcheret M., Young C., Croft P. Annual consultation prevalence of regional musculoskeletal problems in primary care: an observational study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2010; 11: 144.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jordan K. P., Kadam U. T., Hayward R., Porcheret M., Young C., Croft P. Annual consultation prevalence of regional musculoskeletal problems in primary care: an observational study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 2010; 11: 144.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Камчатнов П. Р., Казаков А. Ю. Патогенетическое обоснование применения высоких доз витаминов группы В при хронической спондилогенной дорсопатии. Эффективная фармакотерапия. Неврология и психиатрия. 2011; 1 (17): 36–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamchatnov P. R., Kazakov A. Yu. Pathogenetic rationale for the use of high doses of B vitamins in chronic spondylogenic dorsopathy. Effective pharmacother. Neurol. Psychiat. 2011; 1 (17): 36–40 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heuch I., Foss I. S. Acute low back usually resolves quickly but persistent low back pain often persists. J. Physiother. 2013; 59 (2): 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(13)70166-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heuch I., Foss I. S. Acute low back usually resolves quickly but persistent low back pain often persists. J. Physiother. 2013; 59 (2): 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(13)70166-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парфенов В. А., Яхно Н. Н., Давыдов О. С., Кукушкин М. Л., Чурюканов М. В., Головачева В. А., Исайкин А. И., Ачкасов Е. Е., Евзиков Г. Ю., Каратеев А. Е., Хабиров Ф. А., Широков В. А., Якупов Э. З. Хроническая неспецифическая (скелетно-мышечная) поясничная боль. Рекомендации Российского общества по изучению боли (РОИБ). Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2019; 11 (2S): 7–16. https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2019-2S-7-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parfenov V. A., Yakhno N. N., Davydov O. S., Kukushkin M. L., Churyukanov M. V., Golovacheva V. A., Isaikin A. I., Achkasov E. E., Evzikov G.Yu., Karateev A. E., Khabirov F. A., Shirokov V. A., Yakupov E. Z. Chronic nonspeciﬁc (musculoskeletal) low back pain. Guidelines of the Russian Society for the Study of Pain (RSSP). Neurol. Neuropsychiat. Psychosom. 2019; 11 (2S): 7–16 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2019-2S-7-16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евтушенко С. К., Евтушевская А. Н., Марусиченко В. В. Туннельные невропатии. Трудности диагностики и терапии. Междунар. неврол. журн. 2015; 1 (71): 25–30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evtushenko S. K., Evtushevskaya A. N., Marusichenko V. V. Tunnel neuropathies. Difﬁculties in diagnosis and therapy. Int. neurol. J. 2015; 1 (71): 25–30 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Путилина М. В. Невропатия седалищного нерва. Синдром грушевидной мышцы. Леч. врач. 2006; 2: 54–58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Putilina M. V. Neuropathy of the sciatic nerve. Piriformis Syndrome. Attend. Doct. J. 2006; 2: 54–58 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сехвейл С., Гончарова З. А. Синдром грушевидной мышцы: дифференцированный подход к терапии. Рос. журн. боли. 2020; 18 (S): 66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sekhveil S., Goncharova Z. A. Piriformis syndrome: a differentiated approach to therapy. Russ. J. Pain. 2020; 18 (S):66 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benson E. R., Schutzer S. F. Posttraumatic piriformis syndrome: diagnosis and results of operative treatment. J. Bone Joint Surg. Amer. 1999; 81: 941–949.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benson E. R., Schutzer S. F. Posttraumatic piriformis syndrome: diagnosis and results of operative treatment. J. Bone Joint Surg. Amer. 1999; 81: 941–949.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foster M. R. Piriformis syndrome. Orthopedics. 2002; 25: 821–825.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foster M. R. Piriformis syndrome. Orthopedics. 2002; 25: 821–825.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kean Chen C., Nizar A. J. Prevalence of piriformis syndrome in chronic low back pain patients. A clinical diagnosis with modiﬁed FAIR test. Pain Pract. 2013; 13 (4): 276–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-2500.2012.00585.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kean Chen C., Nizar A. J. Prevalence of piriformis syndrome in chronic low back pain patients. A clinical diagnosis with modiﬁed FAIR test. Pain Pract. 2013; 13 (4): 276–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-2500.2012.00585.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pace J. B., Nagle D. Piriformis syndrome. West J. Med. 1976; 124: 435–439.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pace J. B., Nagle D. Piriformis syndrome. West J. Med. 1976; 124: 435–439.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang A., Ly N., Varacallo M. Piriformis Injection. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL); 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang A., Ly N., Varacallo M. Piriformis Injection. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island (FL); 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фролов В. А., Акопян М. С. Мануальная терапия и визуальная цветоимпульсная терапия в реабилитации пациентов с синдромом грушевидной мышцы. Российский остеопатический журнал. 2020; 3: 95–101. https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-09752020-3-95-101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frolov V. A., Akopyan M. S. Manual therapy and visual color-impulse therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with piriformis syndrome. Russian Osteopathic Journal. 2020; 3: 95–101 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-09752020-3-95-101</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бюске Л. Мышечные цепи. Т. 2. М.; 2007; 206 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buske L. Muscle chains. Vol. 2. M.; 2007; 206 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Синельников Р. Д., Синельников Я. Р. Мышцы таза: Атлас анатомии человека. Т. 1. М.: Медицина; 1996; 344 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinelnikov R. D., Sinelnikov Ya. R. Muscles of the pelvis: Atlas of human anatomy. Vol. 1. M.: Medicine; 1996; 344 p.  (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рами А. Анатомические вариации седалищного нерва. Актуальные пробл. мед. и биол. 2018; 3 (3): 16–19. https://doi.org/10.24411/2587-4926-2018-10031</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rami A. Anatomical variations of the sciatic nerve. Actual Probl. Med. Biol. 2018; 3 (3): 16–19 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.24411/2587-4926-2018-10031</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cassidy L., Walters A., Bubb K., Shoja M. M., Tubbs R. S., Loukas M. Piriformis syndrome: implications of anatomical variations, diagnostic techniques, and treatment options. Surg. Radiol. Anat. 2012; 34 (6): 479–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-012-0940-023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cassidy L., Walters A., Bubb K., Shoja M. M., Tubbs R. S., Loukas M. Piriformis syndrome: implications of anatomical variations, diagnostic techniques, and treatment options. Surg. Radiol. Anat. 2012; 34 (6): 479–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-012-0940-023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michel F., Decavel P., Toussirot E., Tatu L., Aleton E., Monnier G., Garbuio P., Parratte B. The piriformis muscle syndrome: an exploration of anatomical context, pathophysiological hypotheses and diagnostic criteria. Ann. Phys. Rehab. Med. 2013; 56 (4): 300–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2013.03.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michel F., Decavel P., Toussirot E., Tatu L., Aleton E., Monnier G., Garbuio P., Parratte B. The piriformis muscle syndrome: an exploration of anatomical context, pathophysiological hypotheses and diagnostic criteria. Ann. Phys. Rehab. Med. 2013; 56 (4): 300–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2013.03.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попелянский Я. Ю. Ортопедическая неврология (Вертеброневрология): Рук. для врачей. М.: МЕДпрессинформ; 2003; 561 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popelyansky Ya. Yu. Orthopedic neurology (Vertebroneurology): Guide for doctors. M.: MEDpressinform; 2003; 561 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ермолаева А. И., Баранова Г. А. Вертеброгенные заболевания нервной системы: Учеб. пособие. Пенза: ПГУ, 2016; 49 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ermolaeva A. I., Baranova G. A. Vertebrogenic diseases of the nervous system: A textbook. Penza: PSU, 2016; 49 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Papadopoulos E. C., Khan S. N. Piriformis syndrome and low back pain: a new classiﬁcation and review of the literature. Orthop. Clin. North Amer. 2004; 35: 65–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Papadopoulos E. C., Khan S. N. Piriformis syndrome and low back pain: a new classiﬁcation and review of the literature. Orthop. Clin. North Amer. 2004; 35: 65–71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jankiewicz J. T., Hennrikus W. L., Houkom J. A. The appearance of the piriformis muscle in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: A case report and review of the literature. Clin. Orthop. 1991; 262: 205–209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jankiewicz J. T., Hennrikus W. L., Houkom J. A. The appearance of the piriformis muscle in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: A case report and review of the literature. Clin. Orthop. 1991; 262: 205–209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang Z. F., Yang D. S., Shi Z. J., Xiao J. Pathogenesis of piriformis syndrome: a magnetic resonance imaging-based comparison study. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018; 98 (1): 42–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang Z. F., Yang D. S., Shi Z. J., Xiao J. Pathogenesis of piriformis syndrome: a magnetic resonance imaging-based comparison study. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018; 98 (1): 42–45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hicks B. L., Varacallo M. Piriformis Syndrome. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hicks B. L., Varacallo M. Piriformis Syndrome. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пилиева А. В., Алабут А. В., Сикилинда В. Д., Пилиев З. И. Синдром грушевидной мышцы как причина боли после тотального эндопротезирования тазобедренного сустава. Рос. журн. боли. 2018; 2 (56): 153–154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pilieva A. V., Alabut A. V., Sikilinda V. D., Piliev Z. I. Piriformis syndrome as a cause of pain after total hip arthroplasty. Russ. J. Pain. 2018; 2 (56): 153–154 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белаш В. О., Агасаров Л. Г. Возможности сочетанного применения остеопатических методов коррекции и рефлексотерапии. Российский остеопатический журнал. 2017; 3–4: 83–87. https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-3-4-83-87</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belash V. O., Agasarov L. G. Possibilities of Combined Application of Osteopatic Correction Methods and Reﬂ exotherapy. Russian Osteopathic Journal. 2017; 3–4: 83–87. (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-3-4-83-87</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карпман В. Л. Спортивная медицина: Учеб. М.: Физкультура и спорт; 1987; 303 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karpman V. L. Sports medicine: Textbook. M.: Physical culture and sport; 1987; 303 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ахмедова Г. М., Зимакова Т. В. Подгрушевидная седалищная нейропатия: клинические варианты и алгоритм терапии. Практич. мед. 2012; 2 (57): 129–131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akhmedova G. M., Zimakova T. V. Subpiriform sciatic neuropathy: clinical variants and therapy algorithm. Pract. Med. 2012; 2 (57): 129–131 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siddiq A. B., Hossain S., Uddin M. M., Jahan I., Khasru M. R., Haider N. M., Rasker J. J. Piriformis syndrome: a case series of 31 Bangladeshi people with literature review. Europ. J. Orthop. Surg. Traumatol. 2017; 27 (2): 193–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-016-1853-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siddiq A. B., Hossain S., Uddin M. M., Jahan I., Khasru M. R., Haider N. M., Rasker J. J. Piriformis syndrome: a case series of 31 Bangladeshi people with literature review. Europ. J. Orthop. Surg. Traumatol. 2017; 27 (2): 193–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-016-1853-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park J. W., Lee Y. K., Lee Y. J., Shin S., Kang Y., Koo K. H. Deep gluteal syndrome as a cause of posterior hip pain and sciatica-like pain. Bone Joint J. 2020; 102-B (5): 556–567. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.102B5.BJJ-2019-1212.R1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park J. W., Lee Y. K., Lee Y. J., Shin S., Kang Y., Koo K. H. Deep gluteal syndrome as a cause of posterior hip pain and sciatica-like pain. Bone Joint J. 2020; 102-B (5): 556–567. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.102B5.BJJ-2019-1212.R1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курушина О. В., Барулин А. Е. Новые возможности терапии синдрома грушевидной мышцы. Журн. неврол. и психиатр. им. С. С. Корсакова. 2021; 121 (9): 116–120. https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2021121091116</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurushina O. V., Barulin A. E. New treatment options for piriformis syndrome. S. S. Korsakov J. Neurol. Psychiat. 2021; 121 (9): 116–120 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2021121091116</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Романенко В. И., Романенко И. В., Романенко Ю. И. Синдром грушевидной мышцы. Междунар. неврол. журн. 2014; 8 (70): 91–95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Romanenko V. I., Romanenko I. V., Romanenko Yu. I. Piriformis Syndrome. Int. neurol. J. 2014; 8 (70): 91–95 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shmagel A., Foley R., Ibrahim H. Epidemiology of Chronic Low Back Pain in US Adults: Data From the 2009–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arthr. Care Res. (Hoboken). 2016; 68 (11): 1688–1694. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.22890</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shmagel A., Foley R., Ibrahim H. Epidemiology of Chronic Low Back Pain in US Adults: Data From the 2009–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arthr. Care Res. (Hoboken). 2016; 68 (11): 1688–1694. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.22890</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah S., Wang T. W. Piriformis syndrome. eMedicine specialities: Sports medicine: hip 2009. 2009. Accessed in March 31, 2022. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/87545-overview</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah S., Wang T. W. Piriformis syndrome. eMedicine specialities: Sports medicine: hip 2009. 2009. Accessed in March 31, 2022. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/87545-overview</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonley J. C., Yun S. M., Kochevar R. J., Dye J. A., Farrokhi S., Powers C. M. Treatment of an individual with piriformis syndrome focusing on hip muscle strengthening and movement reeducation: a case report. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 2010; 40 (2): 103–111. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3108</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonley J. C., Yun S. M., Kochevar R. J., Dye J. A., Farrokhi S., Powers C. M. Treatment of an individual with piriformis syndrome focusing on hip muscle strengthening and movement reeducation: a case report. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 2010; 40 (2): 103–111. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3108</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyajian-O′Neill L. A., McClain R. L., Coleman M. K., Thomas P. P. Diagnosis and management of piriformis syndrome: an osteopathic approach. J. Amer. Osteopath. Ass. 2008; 108 (11): 657–664. https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2008.108.11.657</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyajian-O′Neill L. A., McClain R. L., Coleman M. K., Thomas P. P. Diagnosis and management of piriformis syndrome: an osteopathic approach. J. Amer. Osteopath. Ass. 2008; 108 (11): 657–664. https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2008. 108.11.657</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Одинак М. М., Дыскин Д. Е. Клиническая диагностика в неврологии: Рук. для врачей. СПб.: СпецЛит; 2010; 528 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Odinak M. M., Dyskin D. E. Clinical diagnostics in neurology: A guide for physicians. St. Petersburg: SpecLit; 2010; 528 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirschner J. S., Foye P. M., Cole J. L. Piriformis syndrome, diagnosis and treatment. Muscle Nerve. 2009; 40 (1): 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.21318</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirschner J. S., Foye P. M., Cole J. L. Piriformis syndrome, diagnosis and treatment. Muscle Nerve. 2009; 40 (1): 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.21318</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klein M. J. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation for Piriformis Syndrome. 2020. Accessed in March 31, 2022. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/308798-overview</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klein M. J. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation for Piriformis Syndrome. 2020. Accessed in March 31, 2022. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/308798-overview</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smoll N. R. Variations of the piriformis and sciatic nerve with clinical consequence: a review. Clin. Anat. 2010; 23 (1): 8–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.20893</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smoll N. R. Variations of the piriformis and sciatic nerve with clinical consequence: a review. Clin. Anat. 2010; 23 (1): 8–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.20893</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meknas K., Johansen O., Kartus J. Retro-trochanteric sciatica-like pain: current concept. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2011; 19 (11): 1971.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meknas K., Johansen O., Kartus J. Retro-trochanteric sciatica-like pain: current concept. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2011; 19 (11): 1971.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jankovic D., Peng P., van Zundert A. Brief review: piriformis syndrome: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Canad. J. Anesth. 2013; 60 (10): 1003–1012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jankovic D., Peng P., van Zundert A. Brief review: piriformis syndrome: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Canad. J. Anesth. 2013; 60 (10): 1003–1012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cass S. P. Piriformis syndrome: a cause of nondiscogenic sciatica. Curr. Sports Med. Rep. 2015; 14 (1): 41–44. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000110</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cass S. P. Piriformis syndrome: a cause of nondiscogenic sciatica. Curr. Sports Med. Rep. 2015; 14 (1): 41–44. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000110</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cramp F., Bottrell O., Campbell H., Ellyatt P., Smith C., Wilde B. Non-surgical management of piriformis syndrome: a systematic review. Phys. Ther. Rev. 2007; 12 (1): 66–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cramp F., Bottrell O., Campbell H., Ellyatt P., Smith C., Wilde B. Non-surgical management of piriformis syndrome: a systematic review. Phys. Ther. Rev. 2007; 12 (1): 66–72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benzon H. T., Katz J. A., Benzon H. A., Iqbal M. S. Piriformis syndrome: anatomic considerations, a new injection technique and a review of the literature. Anesthesiology. 2003; 98: 1442–1448.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benzon H. T., Katz J. A., Benzon H. A., Iqbal M. S. Piriformis syndrome: anatomic considerations, a new injection technique and a review of the literature. Anesthesiology. 2003; 98: 1442–1448.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magee D. J. Orthopedic physical assessment. 3rd ed. Philadelphia. Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1997; 805 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Magee D. J. Orthopedic physical assessment. 3rd ed. Philadelphia. Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1997; 805 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fishman L. M., Dombi G. W., Michaelsen C., Ringel S., Rozbruch J., Rosner B., Weber C. Piriformis syndrome: diagnosis, treatment, and outcome — a 10-year study. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehab. 2002; 83 (3): 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2002.30622</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fishman L. M., Dombi G. W., Michaelsen C., Ringel S., Rozbruch J., Rosner B., Weber C. Piriformis syndrome: diagnosis, treatment, and outcome — a 10-year study. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehab. 2002; 83 (3): 295–301. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2002.30622</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jette A. M. State of the art in functional status assessment. In Measurement in Physical therapy / Ed. J. M. Rothstein. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1985: 137.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jette A. M. State of the art in functional status assessment. In Measurement in Physical therapy / Ed. J. M. Rothstein. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1985: 137.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин О. С. Диагностика и лечение неврологических проявлений остеохондроза позвоночника. 2004. Ссылка активна на 31.03.2022. http://www.consilium-medicum.com/media/consilium/04_08/547.shtml</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin O. S. Diagnosis and treatment of neurological manifestations of osteochondrosis of the spine. 2004. Accessed in March 31, 2022. http://www.consilium-medicum.com/media/consilium/04_08/547.shtml</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Болезни нервной системы: Рук. для врачей (в 2-х т.) / Под ред. Н. Н. Яхно, Д. Р. Штульмана. М.: Медицина; 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diseases of the nervous system: A guide for physicians (in 2 vol.) / Eds. N. N. Yakhno, D. R. Shtulman. M.: Medicine; 2001 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Синдром грушевидной мышцы — мышечные диагностические тесты. Ссылка активна на 31.03.2022. https://euromed.academy/ortopedia/sindrom-grushevidnoj-myshtsy/myshechnye-testy</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piriformis syndrome — muscle diagnostic tests. Accessed in March 31, 2022 (in russ.). https://euromed.academy/ortopedia/sindrom-grushevidnoj-myshtsy/myshechnye-testy</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тесты на пластичность тазобедренного сустава. Ссылка активна на 31.03.2022. https://meduniver.com/Medical/travmi/plastichnost_tazobedrennogo_sustava.html</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plasticity tests of the hip joint. Accessed in March 31, 2022 (in russ.). https://meduniver.com/Medical/travmi/plastichnost_tazobedrennogo_sustava.html</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dutton M. Dutton′s Orthopaedic Examination, Evaluation, and Intervention. McGraw Hill; 2012; 1496 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dutton M. Dutton′s Orthopaedic Examination, Evaluation, and Intervention. McGraw Hill; 2012; 1496 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siahaan Y. M.T., Tiffani P., Tanasia A. Ultrasound-Guided Measurement of Piriformis Muscle Thickness to Diagnose Piriformis Syndrome. Front Neurol. 2021; 12: 721966. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.721966</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siahaan Y. M.T., Tiffani P., Tanasia A. Ultrasound-Guided Measurement of Piriformis Muscle Thickness to Diagnose Piriformis Syndrome. Front Neurol. 2021; 12: 721966. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.721966</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demirel A., Baykara M., Koca T. T., Berk E. Ultrasound elastography ﬁndings in piriformis muscle syndrome. Indian J. Radiol. Imaging. 2018; 28: 412–418. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijri.IJRI_133_18</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demirel A., Baykara M., Koca T. T., Berk E. Ultrasound elastography ﬁndings in piriformis muscle syndrome. Indian J. Radiol. Imaging. 2018; 28: 412–418. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijri.IJRI_133_18</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang W., Luo F., Sun H., Ding H. Ultrasound appears to be a reliable technique for the diagnosis of piriformis syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2019; 59: 411–416. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.26418</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang W., Luo F., Sun H., Ding H. Ultrasound appears to be a reliable technique for the diagnosis of piriformis syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2019; 59: 411–416. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.26418</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bardowski E. A., Byrd J. W. T. Piriformis injection: an ultrasound–guided technique. Arthrosc. Tech. 2019; 8: 1457–1461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2019.07.033</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bardowski E. A., Byrd J. W. T. Piriformis injection: an ultrasound–guided technique. Arthrosc. Tech. 2019; 8: 1457–1461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2019.07.033</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y. Y., Guo X. Y., Chen K., He F. D., Quan J. R. Feasibility and reliability of an ultrasound examination to diagnose piriformis syndrome. Wld Neurosurg. 2019; 134: e1085–1092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2019.11.098</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Y. Y., Guo X. Y., Chen K., He F. D., Quan J. R. Feasibility and reliability of an ultrasound examination to diagnose piriformis syndrome. Wld Neurosurg. 2019; 134: e1085–1092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2019.11.098</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han D. S., Wu W. T., Hsu P. C., Chang H. C., Huang K. C., Chang K. V. Sarcopenia is associated with increased risks of rotator cuff tendon disease among community-dwelling elders: a cross-sectional quantitative ultrasound study. Front Med. 2021; 8: 630009. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.630009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Han D. S., Wu W. T., Hsu P. C., Chang H. C., Huang K. C., Chang K. V. Sarcopenia is associated with increased risks of rotator cuff tendon disease among community-dwelling elders: a cross-sectional quantitative ultrasound study. Front Med. 2021; 8: 630009. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.630009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang P. H., Chen Y. J., Chang K. V., Wu W. T., Qzcakar L. Ultrasound measurements of superﬁcial and deep masticatory muscles in various postures: reliability and inﬂuencers. Sci. Rep. 2020; 10: 14357. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71378-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang P. H., Chen Y. J., Chang K. V., Wu W. T., Qzcakar L. Ultrasound measurements of superﬁcial and deep masticatory muscles in various postures: reliability and inﬂuencers. Sci. Rep. 2020; 10: 14357. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71378-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Todorov P., Batalov A., Nestorova R. THU0350 ultrasonographic study of the piriformis muscle and sonographic features of the piriformis syndrome in chronic low back pain. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2014; 73: 303–304. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5848</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Todorov P., Batalov A., Nestorova R. THU0350 ultrasonographic study of the piriformis muscle and sonographic features of the piriformis syndrome in chronic low back pain. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2014; 73: 303–304. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5848</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byrd J. W.T. Piriformis syndrome. Oper Tech. Sports Med. 2005; 13: 71–79. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.otsm.2004.09.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byrd J. W.T. Piriformis syndrome. Oper Tech. Sports Med. 2005; 13: 71–79. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.otsm.2004.09.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hernando M. F., Cerezal L., Pérez-Carro L., Abascal F., Canga A. Deep gluteal syndrome: anatomy, imaging, and management of sciatic nerve entrapments in the subgluteal space. Skelet. Radiol. 2015; 44: 919–934. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-015-2124-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hernando M. F., Cerezal L., Pérez-Carro L., Abascal F., Canga A. Deep gluteal syndrome: anatomy, imaging, and management of sciatic nerve entrapments in the subgluteal space. Skelet. Radiol. 2015; 44: 919–934. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-015-2124-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu W. T., Chen L. R., Chang H. C., Chang K. V., Ozcakar L. Quantitative ultrasonographic analysis of changes of the suprascapular nerve in the aging population with shoulder pain. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021; 9: 640747. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.640747</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu W. T., Chen L. R., Chang H. C., Chang K. V., Ozcakar L. Quantitative ultrasonographic analysis of changes of the suprascapular nerve in the aging population with shoulder pain. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021; 9: 640747. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.640747</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan V. W. S., Nova H., Abbas S., McCartney C. J. L., Perlas A., Xu D. Q. Ultrasound examination and localization of the sciatic nerve: a volunteer study. Anesthesiology. 2006; 104: 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-20060200000017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan V. W. S., Nova H., Abbas S., McCartney C. J. L., Perlas A., Xu D. Q. Ultrasound examination and localization of the sciatic nerve: a volunteer study. Anesthesiology. 2006; 104: 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-20060200000017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schiffenbauer A. Imaging: seeing muscle in new ways. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 2014; 26: 712-716. https://doi.org/10.1097/BOR.000000000000105</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schiffenbauer A. Imaging: seeing muscle in new ways. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 2014; 26: 712-716. https://doi.org/10.1097/BOR.000000000000105</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang K. V., Wu W. T., Lew H. L., Ozcakar L. Ultrasound imaging and guided injection for the lateral and posterior hip. Amer. J. Phys. Med. Rehab. 2018; 97: 285–291. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.000000000000895</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang K. V., Wu W. T., Lew H. L., Ozcakar L. Ultrasound imaging and guided injection for the lateral and posterior hip. Amer. J. Phys. Med. Rehab. 2018; 97: 285–291. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.000000000000895</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николаев С. Г. Электромиография: клинический практикум. Иваново; 2013; 394 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolaev S. G. Electromyography: clinical practice. Ivanovo; 2013; 394 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парфенов В. А., Яхно Н. Н., Давыдов О. С., Кукушкин М. Л., Чурюканов М. В., Головачева В. А., Евзиков Г. В., Исайкин А. И., Иванова М. А., Каратеев А. Е., Амелин А. В., Ачкасов Е. Е., Ахмадеева Л. Р., Бахтадзе М. А., Баранцевич Е. Р., Барулин А. Е., Белова А. Н., Бельская Г. Н., Быченко В. Г., Доронина О. Б., Древаль О. Н., Загорулько О. И., Исагулян Э. Д., Искра Д. А., Калинский П. П., Каракулова Ю. В., Курушина О. В., Медведева Л. А., Меркулова Д. М., Рачин А. П., Сергиенко Д. А., Строков И. А., Хабиров Ф. А., Широков В. А., Якупов Э. З. Дискогенная пояснично-крестцовая радикулопатия: Рекомендации Российского общества по изучению боли (РОИБ). Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2020; 12 (4): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-4-15-24</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parfenov V. A., Yakhno N. N., Davydov O. S., Kukushkin M. L., Churyukanov M. V., Golovacheva V. A., Evzikov G. Yu., Isaikin A. I., Ivanova M. A., Karateev A. E., Amelin A. V., Achkasov E. E., Akhmadeeva L. R., Bakhtadze M. A., Barantsevich E. R., Barulin A. E., Belova A. N., Belskaya G. N., Bychenko V. G., Doronina O. B., Dreval O. N., Zagorulko O. I., Isagulyan E. D., Iskra D. A., Kalinsky P. P., Karakulova Yu. V., Kurushina O. V., Medvedeva L. A., Merkulova D. M., Rachin A. P., Sergienko D. A., Strokov I. A., Khabirov F. A., Shirokov V. A., Yakupov E. Z. Discogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy: Recommendations of the Russian Association for the Study of Pain (RSSP). Neurol. Neuropsychiat. Psychosomat. 2020; 12 (4): 15–24 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-4-15-24</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Адамбаев З. И., Киличев И. А. Диагностическое значение А-волны при электронейромиографии в диагностике синдрома грушевидной мышцы с ишиалгией // В сб.: XX Международная научно-практическая конференция «Наука и просвещение». М.; 2019: 283–285.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adambaev Z. I., Kilichev I. A. Diagnostic value of the A-wave in electroneuromyography in the diagnosis of piriformis syndrome with sciatica // In: XX International Scientiﬁc and Practical Conference «Science and Education». M.: 2019: 283–285 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bredella M. A., Tirman P. F., Fritz R. C., Wischer T. K., Stork A., Genant H. K. Denervation syndromes of the shoulder girdle: MR imaging with electrophysiologic correlation. Skelet. Radiol. 1999; 28 (10): 567–572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002560050620</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bredella M. A., Tirman P. F., Fritz R. C., Wischer T. K., Stork A., Genant H. K. Denervation syndromes of the shoulder girdle: MR imaging with electrophysiologic correlation. Skelet. Radiol. 1999; 28 (10): 567–572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002560050620</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рентгенограмма, КТ, МРТ при синдроме грушевидной мышцы и травмы нервов таза. Ссылка активна на 31.03.2022. https://meduniver.com/Medical/luchevaia_diagnostika/rentgen_kt_mrt_sindroma_grushevidnoi_mishci.html</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">X-ray, CT, MRI for piriformis syndrome and pelvic nerve injury. Accessed in March 31, 2022 (in russ.). https://meduniver.com/Medical/luchevaia_diagnostika/rentgen_kt_mrt_sindroma_grushevidnoi_mishci.html</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Диагностика и лечение скелетно-мышечных (неспецифических) болей в нижней части спины: Клинические рекомендации. М.; 2021; 47 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal (nonspeciﬁc) pain in the lower back: Clinical guidelines. M.; 2021; 47 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов Е. Л., Яхно Н. Н., Каратеев А. Е., Алексеева Л. И., Баринов А. Н., Барулин А. Е., Давыдов О. С., Данилов А. Б., Журавлева М. В., Заводовский Б. В., Копенкин С. С., Кукушкин М. Л., Парфенов В. А., Страхов М. А., Тюрин В. П., Чичасова Н. В., Чорбинская С. А. Общие принципы лечения скелетно-мышечной боли: междисциплинарный консенсус. Науч.-практич. ревматол. 2016; 54 (3): 247–265. https://doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2016-247-265</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nasonov E. L., Yakhno N. N., Karateev A. E., Alekseeva L. I., Barinov A. N., Barulin A. E., Davydov O. S., Danilov A. B., Zhuravleva M. V., Zavodovsky B. V., Kopenkin S. S., Kukishkin M. L., Parfenov V. A., Strakhov M. A., Tyurin V. P., Chichasova N. V., Chorbinskaya S. A. General principles of treatment for musculoskeletal pain: interdisciplinary consensus. Rheumatol. Sci. Pract. 2016; 54 (3): 247–265 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.14412/1995-4484-2016-247-265</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vassalou E. E., Katonis P., Karantanas A. H. Piriformis muscle syndrome: A cross-sectional imaging study in 116 patients and evaluation of therapeutic outcome. Europ. Radiol. 2018; 28 (2): 447–458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4982-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vassalou E. E., Katonis P., Karantanas A. H. Piriformis muscle syndrome: A cross-sectional imaging study in 116 patients and evaluation of therapeutic outcome. Europ. Radiol. 2018; 28 (2): 447–458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-017-4982-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit81"><label>81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heiderscheit B., McClinton S. Evaluation and Management of Hip and Pelvis Injuries. Phys. Med. Rehab. Clin. N. Amer. 2016; 27 (1): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2015.08.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heiderscheit B., McClinton S. Evaluation and Management of Hip and Pelvis Injuries. Phys. Med. Rehab. Clin. N. Amer. 2016; 27 (1): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2015.08.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit82"><label>82</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Probst D., Stout A., Hunt D. Piriformis Syndrome: A Narrative Review of the Anatomy, Diagnosis, and Treatment. PM and R. 2019; 11 (Suppl. 1): S54–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.12189</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Probst D., Stout A., Hunt D. Piriformis Syndrome: A Narrative Review of the Anatomy, Diagnosis, and Treatment. PM and R. 2019; 11 (Suppl. 1): S54–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/pmrj.12189</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit83"><label>83</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang Z. F., Lin B. Q., Torsha T. T., Dilshad S., Yang D. S., Xiao J. Effect of Mannitol plus Vitamins B in the management of patients with piriformis syndrome. J. Back. Musculoskelet. Rehab. 2019; 32 (2): 329–337. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-170983</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang Z. F., Lin B. Q., Torsha T. T., Dilshad S., Yang D. S., Xiao J. Effect of Mannitol plus Vitamins B in the management of patients with piriformis syndrome. J. Back. Musculoskelet. Rehab. 2019; 32 (2): 329–337. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-170983</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit84"><label>84</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gulledge B. M., Marcellin-Little D. J., Levine D., Tillman L., Harrysson O. L., Osborne J. A., Baxter B. Comparison of two stretching methods and optimization of stretching protocol for the piriformis muscle. Med. Eng. Phys. 2014; 36 (2): 212–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.10.016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gulledge B. M., Marcellin-Little D. J., Levine D., Tillman L., Harrysson O. L., Osborne J. A., Baxter B. Comparison of two stretching methods and optimization of stretching protocol for the piriformis muscle. Med. Eng. Phys. 2014; 36 (2): 212–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.10.016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit85"><label>85</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sluijter M. E., Imani F. Evolution and mode of action of pulsed radiofrequency. Anesth. Pain Med. 2013; 2 (4): 139–141. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.10213</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sluijter M. E., Imani F. Evolution and mode of action of pulsed radiofrequency. Anesth. Pain Med. 2013; 2 (4): 139–141. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.10213</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit86"><label>86</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павлов В. Е., Сумная Д. Б., Садова В. А. Ударно-волновая терапия при синдроме грушевидной мышцы (клинико-биологические особенности). Евразийский союз ученых (ЕСУ). 2015; 9 (18): 94–97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlov V. E., Sumnaya D. B., Sadova V. A. Shock wave therapy for piriformis syndrome (clinical and biological features). Euras. Union Sci. (EUS). 2015; 9 (18): 94–97 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit87"><label>87</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cox J., Varatharajan S., Cote P., Optima C. Effectiveness of Acupuncture Therapies to Manage Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Extremities: A Systematic Review. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 2016; 46 (6): 409–429. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2016.6270</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cox J., Varatharajan S., Cote P., Optima C. Effectiveness of Acupuncture Therapies to Manage Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Extremities: A Systematic Review. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 2016; 46 (6): 409–429. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2016.6270</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit88"><label>88</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fusco P., Di Carlo S., Scimia P., Degan G., Petrucci E., Marinangeli F. Ultrasound-guided Dry Needling Treatment of Myofascial Trigger Points for Piriformis Syndrome Management: A Case Series. J. Chiropr. Med. 2018; 17 (3): 198–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2018.04.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fusco P., Di Carlo S., Scimia P., Degan G., Petrucci E., Marinangeli F. Ultrasound-guided Dry Needling Treatment of Myofascial Trigger Points for Piriformis Syndrome Management: A Case Series. J. Chiropr. Med. 2018; 17 (3): 198–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2018.04.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit89"><label>89</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tabatabaiee A., Takamjani I. E., Sarrafzadeh J., Salehi R., Ahmadi M. Ultrasound-guided dry needling decreases pain in patients with piriformis syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2019; 60 (5): 558–565. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.26671</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tabatabaiee A., Takamjani I. E., Sarrafzadeh J., Salehi R., Ahmadi M. Ultrasound-guided dry needling decreases pain in patients with piriformis syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 2019; 60 (5): 558–565. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.26671</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit90"><label>90</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tully J., Jung J. W., Patel A., Tukan A., Kandula S., Doan A., Imani F., Varrassi G., Cornett E. M., Kaye A. D., Viswanath O., Urits I. Utilization of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion for the Treatment of Refractory Chronic Pain. Anesth. Pain Med. 2021; 10 (6): e112290. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.112290</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tully J., Jung J. W., Patel A., Tukan A., Kandula S., Doan A., Imani F., Varrassi G., Cornett E. M., Kaye A. D., Viswanath O., Urits I. Utilization of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion for the Treatment of Refractory Chronic Pain. Anesth. Pain Med. 2021; 10 (6): e112290. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.112290</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit91"><label>91</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nazlikul H., Ural F. G., Ozturk G. T., Ozturk A. D.T. Evaluation of neural therapy effect in patients with piriformis syndrome. J. Back. Musculoskelet. Rehab. 2018; 31 (6): 1105–1110. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-170980</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nazlikul H., Ural F. G., Ozturk G. T., Ozturk A. D.T. Evaluation of neural therapy effect in patients with piriformis syndrome. J. Back. Musculoskelet. Rehab. 2018; 31 (6): 1105–1110. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-170980</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit92"><label>92</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patel V. B., Wasserman R., Imani F. Interventional Therapies for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Focused Review (Efﬁcacy and Outcomes). Anesth. Pain Med. 2015; 5 (4): e29716. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.29716</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patel V. B., Wasserman R., Imani F. Interventional Therapies for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Focused Review (Efﬁcacy and Outcomes). Anesth. Pain Med. 2015; 5 (4): e29716. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.29716</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit93"><label>93</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vij N., Traube B., Bisht R., Singleton I., Cornett E. M., Kaye A. D., Imani F., Erdi A. M., Varrassi G., Viswanath O., Urits I. An Update on Treatment Modalities for Ulnar Nerve Entrapment: A Literature Review. Anesth. Pain Med. 2020; 10 (6): e112070. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.112070</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vij N., Traube B., Bisht R., Singleton I., Cornett E. M., Kaye A. D., Imani F., Erdi A. M., Varrassi G., Viswanath O., Urits I. An Update on Treatment Modalities for Ulnar Nerve Entrapment: A Literature Review. Anesth. Pain Med. 2020; 10 (6): e112070. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.112070</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit94"><label>94</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Terlemez R., Ercalik T. Effect of piriformis injection on neuropathic pain. Agri. 2019; 31 (4): 178–182. https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2019.34735</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terlemez R., Ercalik T. Effect of piriformis injection on neuropathic pain. Agri. 2019; 31 (4): 178–182. https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2019.34735</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit95"><label>95</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosales J., Garcia N., Rafols C., Perez M., Verdugo M. A. Perisciatic Ultrasound-Guided Inﬁltration for Treatment of Deep Gluteal Syndrome: Description of Technique and Preliminary Results. J. Ultrasound Med. 2015; 34 (11): 2093–2097. https://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.14.12030</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosales J., Garcia N., Rafols C., Perez M., Verdugo M. A. Perisciatic Ultrasound-Guided Inﬁltration for Treatment of Deep Gluteal Syndrome: Description of Technique and Preliminary Results. J. Ultrasound Med. 2015; 34 (11): 2093–2097. https://doi.org/10.7863/ultra.14.12030</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit96"><label>96</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Misirlioglu T. O., Akgun K., Palamar D., Erden M. G., Erbilir T. Piriformis syndrome: comparison of the effectiveness of local anesthetic and corticosteroid injections: a double-blinded, randomized controlled study. Pain Physic. 2015; 18 (2): 163–171.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Misirlioglu T. O., Akgun K., Palamar D., Erden M. G., Erbilir T. Piriformis syndrome: comparison of the effectiveness of local anesthetic and corticosteroid injections: a double-blinded, randomized controlled study. Pain Physic. 2015; 18 (2): 163–171.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit97"><label>97</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Payne J. M. Ultrasound-Guided Hip Procedures. Phys. Med. Rehab. Clin. N. Amer. 2016; 27 (3): 607–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2016.04.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Payne J. M. Ultrasound-Guided Hip Procedures. Phys. Med. Rehab. Clin. N. Amer. 2016; 27 (3): 607–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2016.04.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit98"><label>98</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fowler I. M., Tucker A. A., Weimerskirch B. P., Moran T. J., Mendez R. J. A randomized comparison of the efﬁcacy of 2 techniques for piriformis muscle injection: ultrasound-guided versus nerve stimulator with ﬂuoroscopic guidance. Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 2014; 39 (2): 126–132. https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0000000000000056</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fowler I. M., Tucker A. A., Weimerskirch B. P., Moran T. J., Mendez R. J. A randomized comparison of the efﬁcacy of 2 techniques for piriformis muscle injection: ultrasound-guided versus nerve stimulator with ﬂuoroscopic guidance. Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 2014; 39 (2): 126–132. https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0000000000000056</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit99"><label>99</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burke C. J., Walter W. R., Adler R. S. Targeted Ultrasound-Guided Perineural Hydrodissection of the Sciatic Nerve for the Treatment of Piriformis Syndrome. Ultrasound. 2019; 35 (2): 125–129. https://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0000000000000360</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burke C. J., Walter W. R., Adler R. S. Targeted Ultrasound-Guided Perineural Hydrodissection of the Sciatic Nerve for the Treatment of Piriformis Syndrome. Ultrasound. 2019; 35 (2): 125–129. https://doi.org/10.1097/RUQ.0000000000000360</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit100"><label>100</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Safarpour Y., Jabbari B. Botulinum toxin treatment of pain syndromes — an evidence based review. Toxicon. 2018; 147: 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.01.017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safarpour Y., Jabbari B. Botulinum toxin treatment of pain syndromes — an evidence based review. Toxicon. 2018; 147: 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.01.017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit101"><label>101</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fritz J., Chhabra A., Wang K. C., Carrino J. A. Magnetic resonance neurography-guided nerve blocks for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Neuroimag. Clin. N. Amer. 2014; 24 (1): 211–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nic.2013.03.028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fritz J., Chhabra A., Wang K. C., Carrino J. A. Magnetic resonance neurography-guided nerve blocks for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Neuroimag. Clin. N. Amer. 2014; 24 (1): 211–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nic.2013.03.028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit102"><label>102</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santamato A., Micello M. F., Valeno G., Beatrice R., Cinone N., Baricich A., Picelli A., Panza F., Logroscino G., Fiore P., Ranieri M. Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Piriformis Muscle Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Toxins (Basel). 2015; 7 (8): 3045–3056. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7083045</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santamato A., Micello M. F., Valeno G., Beatrice R., Cinone N., Baricich A., Picelli A., Panza F., Logroscino G., Fiore P., Ranieri M. Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Piriformis Muscle Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Toxins (Basel). 2015; 7 (8): 3045–3056. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7083045</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit103"><label>103</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rawicki B., Sheean G., Fung V. S., Goldsmith S., Morgan C., Novak I. Botulinum toxin assessment, intervention and aftercare for paediatric and adult niche indications including pain: international consensus statement. Europ. J. Neurol. 2010; 17 (Suppl. 2): 122–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03132.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rawicki B., Sheean G., Fung V. S., Goldsmith S., Morgan C., Novak I. Botulinum toxin assessment, intervention and aftercare for paediatric and adult niche indications including pain: international consensus statement. Europ. J. Neurol. 2010; 17 (Suppl. 2): 122–134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03132.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit104"><label>104</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Al-Shaikh M., Michel F., Parratte B., Kastler B., Vidal C., Aubry S. An MRI evaluation of changes in piriformis muscle morphology induced by botulinum toxin injections in the treatment of piriformis syndrome. Diagn. Interv. Imaging. 2015; 96 (1): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2014.02.015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Al-Shaikh M., Michel F., Parratte B., Kastler B., Vidal C., Aubry S. An MRI evaluation of changes in piriformis muscle morphology induced by botulinum toxin injections in the treatment of piriformis syndrome. Diagn. Interv. Imaging. 2015; 96 (1): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2014.02.015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit105"><label>105</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodriguez-Pinero M., Vidal Vargas V., Jimenez Sarmiento A. S. Long-Term Efﬁcacy of Ultrasound-Guided Injection of IncobotulinumtoxinA in Piriformis Syndrome. Pain Med. 2018; 19 (2): 408–411. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnx135</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodriguez-Pinero M., Vidal Vargas V., Jimenez Sarmiento A. S. Long-Term Efﬁcacy of Ultrasound-Guided Injection of IncobotulinumtoxinA in Piriformis Syndrome. Pain Med. 2018; 19 (2): 408–411. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnx135</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit106"><label>106</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ripellino P., Cianfoni A., Izzo M. G.A., Gobbi C. Relapsing piriformis syndrome treated with botulinum toxin injections. Brit. med. J. Case Rep. 2019; 12: e230981. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-230981</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ripellino P., Cianfoni A., Izzo M. G.A., Gobbi C. Relapsing piriformis syndrome treated with botulinum toxin injections. Brit. med. J. Case Rep. 2019; 12: e230981. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-230981</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit107"><label>107</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fishman L. M., Wilkins A. N., Rosner B. Electrophysiologically identiﬁed piriformis syndrome is successfully treated with incobotulinum toxin a and physical therapy. Muscle Nerve. 2017; 56 (2): 258–263. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.25504</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fishman L. M., Wilkins A. N., Rosner B. Electrophysiologically identiﬁed piriformis syndrome is successfully treated with incobotulinum toxin a and physical therapy. Muscle Nerve. 2017; 56 (2): 258–263. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.25504</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit108"><label>108</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fabregat G., Rosello M., Asensio-Samper J. M., Villaneuva-Perez V. L., Martinez-Sanjuan V., De Andres J., Eichenberger U. Computer-tomographic veriﬁcation of ultrasound-guided piriformis muscle injection: a feasibility study. Pain Physic. 2014; 17 (6): 507–513.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fabregat G., Rosello M., Asensio-Samper J. M., Villaneuva-Perez V. L., Martinez-Sanjuan V., De Andres J., Eichenberger U. Computer-tomographic veriﬁcation of ultrasound-guided piriformis muscle injection: a feasibility study. Pain Physic. 2014; 17 (6): 507–513.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit109"><label>109</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koh E., Webster D., Boyle J. Case report and review of the potential role of the Type A piriformis muscle in dynamic sciatic nerve entrapment variant of piriformis syndrome. Surg. Radiol. Anat. 2020; 42 (10): 1237–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-020-02440-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koh E., Webster D., Boyle J. Case report and review of the potential role of the Type A piriformis muscle in dynamic sciatic nerve entrapment variant of piriformis syndrome. Surg. Radiol. Anat. 2020; 42 (10): 1237–1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-020-02440-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit110"><label>110</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kay J., de Sa D., Morrison L., Fejtek E., Simunovic N., Martin H. D., Ayeni O. R. Surgical Management of Deep Gluteal Syndrome Causing Sciatic Nerve Entrapment: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy. 2017; 33 (12): 2263–2278.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2017.06.041</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kay J., de Sa D., Morrison L., Fejtek E., Simunovic N., Martin H. D., Ayeni O. R. Surgical Management of Deep Gluteal Syndrome Causing Sciatic Nerve Entrapment: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy. 2017; 33 (12): 2263–2278.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2017.06.041</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit111"><label>111</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han S. K., Kim Y. S., Kim T. H., Kang S. H. Surgical Treatment of Piriformis Syndrome. Clin. Orthop. Surg. 2017; 9 (2): 136–144. https://doi.org/10.4055/cios.2017.9.2.136</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Han S. K., Kim Y. S., Kim T. H., Kang S. H. Surgical Treatment of Piriformis Syndrome. Clin. Orthop. Surg. 2017; 9 (2): 136–144. https://doi.org/10.4055/cios.2017.9.2.136</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit112"><label>112</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malik K. M., Imani F., Beckerly R., Chovatiya R. Risk of Opioid Use Disorder from Exposure to Opioids in the Perioperative Period: A Systematic Review. Anesth. Pain Med. 2020; 10 (1): e101339. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.101339</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malik K. M., Imani F., Beckerly R., Chovatiya R. Risk of Opioid Use Disorder from Exposure to Opioids in the Perioperative Period: A Systematic Review. Anesth. Pain Med. 2020; 10 (1): e101339. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.101339</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit113"><label>113</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Imani F., Varrassi G. Ketamine as Adjuvant for Acute Pain Management. Anesth. Pain Med. 2019; 9 (6): e100178. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.100178</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Imani F., Varrassi G. Ketamine as Adjuvant for Acute Pain Management. Anesth. Pain Med. 2019; 9 (6): e100178. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.100178</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit114"><label>114</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jackson T. J. Endoscopic Sciatic Nerve Decompression in the Prone Position-An Ischial-Based Approach. Arthrosc. Tech. 2016; 5 (3): e637–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2016.02.020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jackson T. J. Endoscopic Sciatic Nerve Decompression in the Prone Position-An Ischial-Based Approach. Arthrosc. Tech. 2016; 5 (3): e637–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2016.02.020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit115"><label>115</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orhurhu V., Orman S., Peck J., Urits I., Orhurhu M. S., Jones M. R., Manchikanti L., Kaye A. D., Odonkor C., Hirji S., Cornett E. M., Imani F., Varrassi G., Viswanath O. Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery — A Systematic Review of Open and Endoscopic Approaches. Anesth. Pain Med. 2020; 10 (6): e112291. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.112291</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orhurhu V., Orman S., Peck J., Urits I., Orhurhu M. S., Jones M. R., Manchikanti L., Kaye A. D., Odonkor C., Hirji S., Cornett E. M., Imani F., Varrassi G., Viswanath O. Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery — A Systematic Review of Open and Endoscopic Approaches. Anesth. Pain Med. 2020; 10 (6): e112291. https://doi.org/10.5812/aapm.112291</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit116"><label>116</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ilizaliturri V. J., Arriaga R., Villalobos F. E., Suarez-Ahedo C. Endoscopic release of the piriformis tendon and sciatic nerve exploration. J. Hip. Preserv. Surg. 2018; 5 (3): 301–306. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhps/hny018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilizaliturri V. J., Arriaga R., Villalobos F. E., Suarez-Ahedo C. Endoscopic release of the piriformis tendon and sciatic nerve exploration. J. Hip. Preserv. Surg. 2018; 5 (3): 301–306. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhps/hny018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit117"><label>117</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byrd J. W. Disorders of the Peritrochanteric and Deep Gluteal Space: New Frontiers for Arthroscopy. Sports Med. Arthrosc. Rev. 2015; 23 (4): 221–231. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0000000000000085</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byrd J. W. Disorders of the Peritrochanteric and Deep Gluteal Space: New Frontiers for Arthroscopy. Sports Med. Arthrosc. Rev. 2015; 23 (4): 221–231. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0000000000000085</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit118"><label>118</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Park M. S., Jeong S. Y., Yoon S. J. Endoscopic Sciatic Nerve Decompression After Fracture or Reconstructive Surgery of the Acetabulum in Comparison With Endoscopic Treatments in Idiopathic Deep Gluteal Syndrome. Clin. J. Sport Med. 2019; 29 (3): 203–208. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000504</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Park M. S., Jeong S. Y., Yoon S. J. Endoscopic Sciatic Nerve Decompression After Fracture or Reconstructive Surgery of the Acetabulum in Comparison With Endoscopic Treatments in Idiopathic Deep Gluteal Syndrome. Clin. J. Sport Med. 2019; 29 (3): 203–208. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000504</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit119"><label>119</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ham D. H., Chung W. C., Jung D. U. Effectiveness of Endoscopic Sciatic Nerve Decompression for the Treatment of Deep Gluteal Syndrome. Hip Pelvis. 2018; 30 (1): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.5371/hp.2018.30.1.29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ham D. H., Chung W. C., Jung D. U. Effectiveness of Endoscopic Sciatic Nerve Decompression for the Treatment of Deep Gluteal Syndrome. Hip Pelvis. 2018; 30 (1): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.5371/hp.2018.30.1.29</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit120"><label>120</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coulomb R., Kheliﬁ A., Bertrand M., Mares O., May O., Marchand P., Kouyoumdjian P. Does endoscopic piriformis tenotomy provide safe and complete tendon release? A cadaver study. Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. 2018; 104 (8): 1193–1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otsr.2018.02.018</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coulomb R., Kheliﬁ A., Bertrand M., Mares O., May O., Marchand P., Kouyoumdjian P. Does endoscopic piriformis tenotomy provide safe and complete tendon release? A cadaver study. Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. 2018; 104 (8): 1193–1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otsr.2018.02.018</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit121"><label>121</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aguilera-Bohorquez B., Cardozo O., Brugiatti M., Cantor E., Valdivia N. Endoscopic treatment of sciatic nerve entrapment in deep gluteal syndrome: Clinical results. Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. 2018; 62 (5): 322–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recot.2018.03.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aguilera-Bohorquez B., Cardozo O., Brugiatti M., Cantor E., Valdivia N. Endoscopic treatment of sciatic nerve entrapment in deep gluteal syndrome: Clinical results. Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. 2018; 62 (5): 322–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recot.2018.03.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit122"><label>122</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козлова Н. С., Белаш В. О. Остеопатические аспекты вертеброневрологии. Российский остеопатический журнал. 2017; 1–2: 105–117. https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-1-2-105-117</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlova N., Belash V. Osteopathic Aspects of Vertebroneurology. Russian Osteopathic Journal. 2017; 1–2: 105–117 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2017-1-2-105-117</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit123"><label>123</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новосельцев С. В. Остеопатический подход к лечению неврологических проявлений у пациентов с дегенеративнодистрофическими изменениями в пояснично-крестцовом отделе позвоночника. Мануал. тер. 2008; 2 (30): 25–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novoseltsev S. V. The osteopathic approach to the treatment of neurological manifestations in patients with degenerative-dystrophic changes in the lumbosacral part. Manual Ther. J. 2008; 2 (30): 25–28 (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit124"><label>124</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kutty R. K., Gebrekidan H. G., Lerebo W. T., Gebretsadik M. A. Neural mobilization a therapeutic efﬁcacy in a piriformis syndrome model: an experimental study. Int. J. Physiother. Res. 2014; 2 (3): 577–583.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kutty R. K., Gebrekidan H. G., Lerebo W. T., Gebretsadik M. A. Neural mobilization a therapeutic efﬁcacy in a piriformis syndrome model: an experimental study. Int. J. Physiother. Res. 2014; 2 (3): 577–583.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit125"><label>125</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mulla A. A., Gosavi P. M. Effect of piriformis stretching and neural tissue mobilization in piriformis syndrome. Global J. Res. Analys. 2018; 7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mulla A. A., Gosavi P. M. Effect of piriformis stretching and neural tissue mobilization in piriformis syndrome. Global J. Res. Analys. 2018; 7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit126"><label>126</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nambi G. Effect of reciprocal inhibition and post isometric relaxation; types of muscle energy technique in Piriformis syndrome — A comparative study. Phys. Med. Rehab. Res. 2018; 3. https://doi.org/10.15761/PMRR.1000162</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nambi G. Effect of reciprocal inhibition and post isometric relaxation; types of muscle energy technique in Piriformis syndrome — A comparative study. Phys. Med. Rehab. Res. 2018; 3. https://doi.org/10.15761/PMRR.1000162</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit127"><label>127</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Danazumi M. S., Yakasai A. M., Ibrahim S. U. Effect of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique in the Management of Piriformis Syndrome: A Case Report. Middle East J. Rehab. Hlth. 2020; 7 (2): e101764. https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh.101764</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danazumi M. S., Yakasai A. M., Ibrahim S. U. Effect of Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique in the Management of Piriformis Syndrome: A Case Report. Middle East J. Rehab. Hlth. 2020; 7 (2): e101764. https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh.101764</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit128"><label>128</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khuman P. R., Surbala L., Dusad G., Jadeja S., Chandrabharu V. Effect of reciprocal inhibition muscle energy technique in acute piriformis syndrome: A single case study. Int. J. Recent Sci. Res. 2014; 5: 1794–1798.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khuman P. R., Surbala L., Dusad G., Jadeja S., Chandrabharu V. Effect of reciprocal inhibition muscle energy technique in acute piriformis syndrome: A single case study. Int. J. Recent Sci. Res. 2014; 5: 1794–1798.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit129"><label>129</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Danazumi M. S., Yakasai A. M., Ibrahim A. A., Shehu U. T., Ibrahim S. U. Effect of integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique compared with positional release technique in the management of piriformis syndrome. J. Osteopath. Med. 2021; 121 (8): 693–703. https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2020-0327</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danazumi M. S., Yakasai A. M., Ibrahim A. A., Shehu U. T., Ibrahim S. U. Effect of integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique compared with positional release technique in the management of piriformis syndrome. J. Osteopath. Med. 2021; 121 (8): 693–703. https://doi.org/10.1515/jom-2020-0327</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit130"><label>130</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мохов Д. Е., Аптекарь И. А., Белаш В. О., Литвинов И. А., Могельницкий А. С., Потехина Ю. П., Тарасов Н. А., Тарасова В. В., Трегубова Е. С., Устинов А. В. Основы остеопатии: Учеб. для ординаторов. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2020; 400 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mokhov D. E., Aptekar I. A., Belash V. O., Litvinov I. A., Mogelnitsky A. S., Potekhina Yu.P., Tarasov N. A., Tarasova V. V., Tregubova E. S., Ustinov A. V. The basics of osteopathy: A textbook for residents. M.: GEOTAR-Media; 2020; 400 p. (in russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit131"><label>131</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malhotra R., Bordoni B. Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment: Muscle Energy and Counterstrain Procedure Piriformis Muscle. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malhotra R., Bordoni B. Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment: Muscle Energy and Counterstrain Procedure Piriformis Muscle. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit132"><label>132</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Te Poorten B. A. The piriformis muscle. J. Amer. Osteopath. Ass. 1969; 69: 150–160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Te Poorten B. A. The piriformis muscle. J. Amer. Osteopath. Ass. 1969; 69: 150–160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit133"><label>133</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eeenal Jain, Asmita Moharkar, Sucheta Golhar. Effectiveness of muscle energy technique and neural tissue mobilization on buttock pain, hip internal rotation and functional disability in female patients with chronic non-speciﬁc low back pain having piriformis syndrome at the end of 10 sessions: A comparative study. Int. J. Appl. Res. 2020; 6 (3): 433–442.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eeenal Jain, Asmita Moharkar, Sucheta Golhar. Effectiveness of muscle energy technique and neural tissue mobilization on buttock pain, hip internal rotation and functional disability in female patients with chronic non-speciﬁc low back pain having piriformis syndrome at the end of 10 sessions: A comparative study. Int. J. Appl. Res. 2020; 6 (3): 433–442.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit134"><label>134</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фролов В. А., Акопян М. С., Березин В. В. Сравнение эффективности мануальной терапии и фармакотерапии в лечении и реабилитации пациентов с синдромом грушевидной мышцы. Российский остеопатический журнал. 2020; 4: 38–43. https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2020-4-38-43</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frolov V. A., Akopyan M. S., Berezin V. V. Comparison of manual therapy and pharmacotherapy effectiveness in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with piriformis syndrome. Russian Osteopathic Journal. 2020; 4: 38–43 (in russ.). https://doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2020-4-38-43</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
